Similar Synonyms in Glosa Vocabulary Similar Synonyms in Glosa Vocabulary Similar Synonyms This is a list of similar Glosa words with same or similar meanings. Mostly they differ in the ending vowel. This state was not acceptable and cried for a solution. So the list below was assembled and sent to Glosa author Wendy Ashby. Her answers and suggestions are printed in red. The changes I made on the dictionary then follow in green. I tried hard to satisfy Wendy's ideas respectfully and to keep the spirit of Glosa. I tried to put all her suggestions into the Internet Dictionary: I marked the prefered words. Only they have been taken into the Core Dictionary, what is the prefereable vocabulary. And I marked the words to be avoided with an "X" and/or with short comments "... {=...}" or "... {prefer ...}" to guide the Dictionary user to the better words. Some of my changes below seem not to belong directly to the "Similar Synonym", but have been necessary, that all fits together. After this work done, about 400 errors or inconsistencies are removed from the Glosa vocabulary and we have made a big step forward, I believe. The list below is certainly not complete. Please tell me, when you find other errors, inconsistencies, strange things in the dictionary and write to . Thanks in advance. "Central-list" means the word list of the book "Central Glosa", p. 25-56. Technical notes: Unfortunately this file is illegal HTML-code! Sorry. I hope, your browser can display it, though. This file uses some Greek characters. When you see no Greek characters here ––> (alpha='α', beta='β', gamma='γ'), your browser does not support them. Marcel Springer A abandona and abandoni (abandon/ verlassen): "abandona 1 abandon; desert {v}; leave alone" "abandoni {=abandona} X abandon; desert {v}" absorba and sorbe (suck in/ einsaugen): "absorba suck in" added "{=sorbe} X" (Latin sorbEre and absorbEre, English absorbEnt, so it should not be absorbA, so prefer sorbE.). "sorbe absorb; suck in". acepta and cepti (accept): cepti (1000), acepti not really necessary. Ron put extra words in for literary people for use in Mega Glosa (MG) - eg. a gives another letter to the word if poet wants to keep a certain rhythm. He also considered final vowel un-important - can be left off, eg. melan e leuko to shorten phrase or alter final vowel for required rhythm up to personal style. Thus gra (short 1000 Central) but also gramini Latin. grasti is a Greek alternative. "acepta accept" added comment "{prefer cepti} X". "acepti {prefer cepti} accept" item added. adamanta 1G (diamond/ Diamant) and adamanti (very hard/ sehr hart): "adamanta 1++G diamond; hard [very ]" "adamanti {=adamanta} X diamond; hard [very ]" adresa and adresi (address/ Adresse): "adresa 1+ address" "adresi {=adresa} 1X address" adusti and kausti and kombusti and ure and usti and usto (to burn/brennen) and urens (burning/brennend), also: kauma (burning heat/ brennende Hitze): Adusti - I don't know this word. Should it be busti? As in kombusti? Final letter -i as in combustion and -tive endings. piro Greek = fire/burn or busti = burn. "adusti burn {v}; scorch" added "{=busti, prefer piro} X". "busti 1 ablaze; alight; burn" added "{prefer piro}". "kausti G burn {v}" added comment "{=busti, prefer piro}" and "X". "kombusti burn {v}" added comment "{=busti, prefer piro}" and "X". "ure burn {v}" added comment "{=busti, prefer piro} X". "usti burn {v}; combust" added comment "{=busti, prefer piro} X". "usto burn {v}; combust" added comment "{=busti, prefer piro} X". "urens burning; stinging" added comment "{prefer piro}". "kauma G burning heat" added "{better: piro-termo}". administra and manea (manage/ managen): administra (MG): 1000 can be manu, or duce (lead), kura (take care of), ago (drive, lead). Depends on concept, when asking for translation of a word I usually ask (as Ron did) 'give me the sentence, then I'll know which choice of word is best. manu is probably the most general, if no concept available. manea is a handle, so is manu-ra. You can also have manu-pe. "administra administrate; manage" added "{prefer manu, duce, kura or ago}". "administra-pe administrator" added "{prefer manu-pe}". "manu-pe 1++ administrator; manager" item added. "manu 1 hand; hand over; pass {hand over}; smack" added meanings "handle {manage}; manage" (because manu should be similar to manea). "manea handle {manage}; manage" added "{prefer manu}". adveni and eveni (happen/ sich ereignen), also acide: adveni and eveni are MG, acide = 1000. "adveni happen" added "{prefer acide}". "eveni event; happen" added "{prefer acide}". aegi and egi (goat/ Ziege), also kapri and hirkus: Prefer kapri. egi and aegi = MG, Greek synonyms for literature. "aegi G goat" added "{=egi, prefer kapri} X". "egi G goat" added "{prefer kapri}". "hirkus G goat" added "{prefer kapri}". "kapra 1++ goat" becomes "kapra {=kapri} 1X goat". "kapri goat" gets "1++". aegroto and egroto (ill/ krank), also malada, pato: aegroto is MG. Sadly a lot of our reference etymology books are packed away. I have only tiny bedroom, so have no space. One book 'Wie sagt's der Arzt' lists Latin and Greek international (German) words. Also Mackinson 'Fremdwörterlexikon' is useful. Posi tu ski: aegrotat - may be similar in Deutsch?? (What do you think of ae oe diphtongs? egroto? or aegroto? All letters pronounced in Glosa.) pato = 1000 + general "aegroto ill; sick" added "{=egroto, prefer pato} X". "egroto ill; sick" added "{prefer pato}". aepio and epio (tall/ groß): (I take epio to avoid diphtong.) "aepio G tall" added "{=epio, prefer alti} X" (a "Similar synonym", prefered epio to avoid diphtong). aeroplana and aeroplano (aeroplane/ Flugzeug): aeroplana "aeroplano aeroplane; airplane" added "{=aeroplana} X". aestu and estu (heat/ Hitze), also termo, kalori, talpo, termo = 1000, aestu = heat, fervour, passion agitated for MG only, kalori = second best synonym, aestu and talpo more learned MG, Greek. "aestu G fervor; fervour; heat" added meaning "passion" and comment "{=estu, prefer termo} X". "estu fervor; fervour; heat" added "{prefer termo} G" and meaning "passion". "talpo G heat; warmth" added "{prefer termo}". "kalori 1+ heat; hot" added "{prefer termo}". aetrio and etrio (bright/glänzend): aetrio - cannot remember this one, will research. "aetrio G bright" added "{=etrio} X". afaire and afera: "afaire {=afera, French} X business" "afera {French} 1 business" age and ago (drive, lead/ fahren, führen): ago = drive, ago-pe = driver is shorter than duce-pe. duce = 1000 CG. ago = Latin. "age ++G drive; lead" changed to "age {=ago, prefer duce} X drive; lead" "ago {=age} 1X drive; lead" changed to "ago {prefer duce} 1+ ...". "duce 1++ conduct; guidance; guide; lead" added meaning "drive". afekta, afekti, afektio, afektuoso (pretend/ vorstellen): "afekta {=afekti} X affect; pretend" "afekti 1+ affect; affection; fond of [be ]; loving; pretend" "afektio {=afekti} X fond of [be ]" "afektuoso {=afekti} X loving" agrosti and gra and gramini and grasti (grass/ Gras): gra = 1000, gramini and grasti MG. "agrosti G grass" added "{=grasti, prefer gra} X". "gra {=gramini} 1++ grass" changed to "gra 1++ grass". Same as "grasti", so added meaning "fodder". "gramini {=gra} 1+ grass" changed to "gramini {prefer gra} grass". "grasti G fodder; grass" added "{prefer gra}". akrobata and akrobati (acrobat/ Akrobat): "akrobata acrobat" added "{=akrobati} X", while "akrobati 1+G acrobat" remains. akusti and audi (hear/ hören): audi = 1000, akusti MG. Ron liked auskulta and askolta for the Italian sound, but these are not international for me. "audi 1++ hark; hear; listen" changed to "hear; listen; hark". "akusti 1+G hark; hear; listen" changed to "akusti {prefer audi} G hear; listen; hark". "auskulta listen" added "{Italian, take audi} X". "askolta listen" added "{Italian, take audi} X". akuto 1 (sharp, sharpen, shrill) and arguto (shrill): akuto is from Latin acutus or the verb acuo, arguto is from Latin argutus or the verb arguo. "arguto shrill" added "{prefer akuto}". alba and albi (white/ weiß): alba = dawn MG (the sky brightens - becomes white). albi = white MG, leuko = 1000. "alba 1++ dawn; white" made to two items: "alba dawn" and "alba {=albi, prefer leuko} 1X white". "albi white" added "{prefer leuko}". "leuko 1G bleach; white" changed to "leuko 1++G white; bleach". alelo and aleli (each other/ einander): alelo (Already corrected: "aleli {=alelo} XG each other" and "alelo 1++G each other") alfa-beta and alfabeti (Alphabet): Alfabeta (Already corrected, but let hyphem: "alfa-beta ++G alphabet" "alfabeti {=alfa-beta} 1XG alphabet") alopecia and vulpes (fox/ Fuchs): vulpes - fox is first choice, alopecia MG. "alopecia G fox" added "{prefer vulpes}". alti (high/hoch, altitude/Höhe) and altitudi (altitude) "alti 1++ altitude; high; aloft; height; lofty; tall", "altitudi {take alti} X altitude". amasa (amass/ an-, aufhäufen) and amaso (crowd; mass) and masi 1 (heavy; mass; massive) misa (mass/ Messe): misa = MG mass (religious), masi - lump, heap MG. mega, poli or kumu = mass, lump, pile 1000. Correction (later letter): masi - lump, heap, mass, massive heavy. "misa mass" changed to "misa mass {religious}". "amasa amass" changed to "amasa {=kumu, masi} X amass" "amaso crowd; mass" changed to "amaso {=kumu, masi} X crowd; mass" "masi 1++ heavy; mass; massive" added meanings "lump; heap", changed "++" to "+". "mega 1++G abundant; big; great; hearty; large; lot {n}; lot {many}; magnify; many; mass {many}; mega-; much; plenty" added meanings "lump; pile". "poli 1++G abundant; lot {many}; many; mass {many}; numerous; poly-" added meanings "lump; pile". "kumu 1++ accumulate; heap; hoard; pile" added meanings "crowd; mass; lump". [German translations: amass - an-, aufhäufen lump - Klumpen, Schwellung, Geschwulst, Knoten heap - Haufen, häufen mass - Masse, Mehrzahl, sich (an)sammeln, (an)häufen pile - Stapel, Stoß, Haufen, häufen, stapeln, aufschichten crowd - (Menschen)Menge, sich drängen, bevölkern] ambi and amfi (both/ beide): ambi = 1000, amfi MG (amphibious), could also use bi in 1000. "ambi {=pan, if two} 1+ both" changed to "ambi {alternative: pan or bi} 1+ both". "amfi G both" added comment "{prefer ambi, or pan, bi}" "bi 1++ two" added meaning "both". ami (friend, friendly/ Freund, freundlich) and amika (friendly/ freundlich), also filemon: ami = 1000, amika MG "amika friendly" added comment "{prefer ami} X". amikto and mesto (frilled/ kraus). animala and animali (beast/ wildes Tier): animala MG, zoa 1000 "animala animal; beast" added comment "{prefer zoa} X". "animali 1++ animal; beast" changed to ""animali {=animala, prefer zoa} X animal; beast" "zoa 1++G animal" added meaning "beast". ankira and ankora (anchor/ Anker): (ankora also "still; yet". Items are: "ankora {=ankira} 1XG anchor" "ankira G anchor") ansera and Anseri 1 (goose): "ansera goose" added comment "{=Anseri} X". antho and anto (flower/ Blume), also flori: anto MG. antho- should have been in lower case in English column, typing error. flori = 1000, flower. "antho flower" item deleted. It is "anto". "anto 1+G bloom; flower" changed to "anto {prefer flori} G bloom; flower" anunci and anuncia and nunci (announce/ bekanntmachen) (Note: there are also Glosa words denunci-denounce and pronunci-pronounce). "anunci {=nunci} 1X announce; publish", "anuncia {=nunci} 1X announce", "nunci 1+ announce; publish". aparata and aparatu (Apparat): aparata = MG, ru/instrumenta = 1000. "aparata apparatus" added comment "{prefer ru/instrumenta} and meaning "tackle {n}". "aparatu 1++ tackle {n}; apparatus" changed to "aparatu {=aparatu, prefer ru/instrumenta} X apparatus; tackle {n}". "instrumenta {=ru} 1++ implement; instrument; tool; utensil" added meanings "apparatus; tackle {n}". "ru[{-}] {=instRUmenta} 1++ implement; instrument; tool; utensil" added meanings "apparatus; tackle {n}". api and apis (bee/ Biene): (apis is in Central-list, so it should be prefered. "apis 1++ bee" remains.) "api 1 bee" added "{=apis} X". "Api soni 1 hum" added "{=apis soni} X". "apis soni 1* hum" item added. "api-do 1 hive" added "{=apis-do} X". "apis-do 1 hive" item added. aplaude and plaude (applaud): aplaude/plaude = MG applaud. lauda = 1000 "lauda 1++ approval; approve; pay tribute to; praise" added meaning "applaud". "aplaude applaud" added comment "{prefer lauda}". "plaude applaud" added "{=aplaude, prefer lauda} X". arakna G and arakni 1G (spider/ Spinne) "arakna {=arakni} GX spider", "arakni 1+G spider". arca and arka (Bogen): arca = arch/archway. arka = arc of circle, maths. "arka 1+ arc; ark; bow {n}" made to two items: "arka 1 ark" and "arka 1+ arc {of circle, maths}; bow {n}" "arca 1++ arch" changed meaning to "arch {archway}; archway" [German translations: arc - Bogen arch - Bogen, Gewölbe, Triumphbogen, (sich) wölben, überwölben archway - Triumphbogen ark - Arche bow {n} - Verbeugung; Bug; Bogen, Bügel, Schleife, Knoten] aroga and aroganta (arrogant): aroga = 1000 aroganta = MG "aroganta arrogant" added "{=aroga} X" arde and ardi (burn/ brennen): "arde 1 burn {v}; burning" "ardi {=arde} 1X burn {v}" argila and argili (clay/ Keramik): "argila 1 clay; mud" "argili {=argila} 1X clay; mud" arki and arko (official/ offiziell): "arki 1++G authority; official {adj}; rule {authority}" "arko {=arki} 1GX official {adj}" artikula and artri (joint/ Verbindungsstelle) and artikla (article): artri = 1000 artikula = MG "artikula 1++ joint" changed to "artikula {=artri} 1X joint". "artikula speak clearly" added "+" and meaning "articulate". "artri 1+G joint" changed "+" to "++". asila and asilu (safe place/ sicherer Ort): asilu = 1000, also sekuri-lo, sekuri-do safe place "asila {=asilu} 1XG asylum; harbor; haven; refuge; safe place; shelter" added meaning "harbour". "asilu 1++G asylum; harbor; haven; refuge; safe place; shelter" added meaning "harbour". "sekuri-lo 1+ asylum; refuge; safe place; shelter" item added. "sekuri-do 1+ shelter" item added. asini and asinu and asinus (ass/ Esel): asinus = ass. MG. Delete asini 1000 "asini {=asinus} 1X ass {animal}; donkey". "asinu {=asinus} 1X ass; donkey" removed "1". "asinus 1++ ass; donkey" removed "1". aska and aski and asko (bag/ Tasche): "aska 1G bag; purse; sack" "aski {=aska} X bag" "asko {=aska} 1GX bag; purse; sack". aspekti and aspekto (aspect/ Aspekt): aspekto MG "aspekti 1+ aspect" changed to "aspekti {=aspekto} X aspect". "aspekto aspect" added "+". astringe and konstrikti (draw together/ zusammenziehen), also sistelo and striktu (drawn toghether): astringe, konstrikti MG (Nothing done.) atenda 1 and atende 1 (await/ erwarten): atende (Nothing done. Items remain: "atenda {=atende} 1X await; delay; wait; waiting" "atende 1++ await; delay; wait; waiting") atitude 1 and atitudi 1 (mood/ Stimmung): "atitude 1+ attitude; character {nature}; disposition; mood; nature {characteristics}; temper; temperament". "atitudi {=atitude} 1X attitude; character {nature}; disposition; mood; nature {characteristics}; temper; temperament". atria and atrio and atriu (court, hall/ Hof, Halle): Wendy Ashby, letter 00-09-22: atriu prefered!, then later she wrote: atri (perhaps u best left out). "atri 1++ court; hall" item added. "atrio {=atriu} 1X court; hall" changed to "atrio {=atrio} 1X court; hall". "atriu 1++ court; hall" changed to "atriu {=atri} 1X court; hall". audaci and audacio (dare/ wagen): "aucaci 1++ dare; daring; venture" and "audacio {=audaci} X daring". Augusta 1 and augusto (August): "Augusta 1 August" added "{prefer meno okto}". "augusto {=Augusta} X August" changed comment to "{=Augusta, prefer meno okto}". auskulta and askolta (listen/ hören), also audi, akusti (hear/ hören), note: auri, oti (ear/ Ohr): audi = 1000 akusti MG. Ron liked auskulta + askolta for the Italian sound, but they are not internatial for me. "audi 1++ hark; hear; listen" changed to "hear; listen; hark". "akusti 1+G hark; hear; listen" changed to "akusti {prefer audi} G hear; listen; hark". "auskulta listen" added "{Italian, take audi} X". "askolta listen" added "{Italian, take audi} X". austeri and stride (harsh/ rau, streng, grell, schroff): austeri + stride MG. asperi + severi = 1000. (Nothing done. Items remain: asperi 1+ harsh; rough austeri + austere; harsh severi 1++ severe; stern; strict stride harsh; shrill; cry {shrill}) austra and austro (south/ Süden): "austra 1G south; southern", "austro {=austra} 1GX south". auxi and auximo (help, grow): "auxi grow" item deleted. "auxi 1++ aid; assist; help; helpful" added meaning "grow {something}" [cf. Latin augeo]. "auximo help; grow" added "{=auxi} X", changed "grow" to "grow {something}". "auxi-demo 1G ally" changed meaning to "ally {state}". "auxi-pe 1 ally" changed meaning to "ally {person}". "asocia 1++ associate; ally; association; partner" changed meaning "ally" to "ally {state}; ally {person}; ally {v}". B balne and balno (bath/ baden): balno (balne is not in GID, so nothing done.) banka and benca (Bank): banka = bank (money), benca = bank, bench, long seat MG "banka 1++ bank; bank {money}" changed to "banka 1++ bank {money}". "benca 1 bench" changed to "benca 1++ bench; bank {long seat}; seat [long ]" bapti (baptize, dip/ taufen, eintauchen)/ baptiza (baptize/ taufen): "baptiza G baptize" added "{=bapti} X", because bapti is in book Central Glosa, p. 27. bari and bario (heavy/ schwer): "bario G heavy" added "{=bari} X". basta (enough! stop!/ genug!, stop! (=basta?)) and bastante (enough/ genug), also sati: sati (1000) enough. Also basta + bastante MG. "basta enough!; stop!" changed to "basta {prefer sati} enough; stop! {enough!}". "bastante enough" changed to "bastante {=basta, prefer sati} X enough; stop! {enough!}". bata and bate (schlagen): bate bata MG a bat (bat + ball) "bata 1 bat" changed to "bata bat {n, bat and ball}". "bate 1++ batter; beat; beating; hit; knock; smite; strike {hit}; thrash {beat}" added meaning "bat". bati and bato (deep/ tief): bato 1000 deep, batho-; bati = MG walk "bati 1+G walking" changed to "bati +G walk; walking". bek 1 (beak/ Schnabel) and beka 1 (peck/ picken) and beko 1 (spout/ Schnabel): beka = beak, peck "bek 1++ beak; peck; spout" changed "1++" to "{=beka} X" "beka {=bek} 1 beak; peck; spout" changed "{=bek} 1" to "1++". "beko {=bek} 1 beak; peck; spout" changed "{=bek} 1" to "{=beka} X". ben veni and ben-venite (willkommen): bene-veni = 1000 welcome, ben/bene-venite MG welcome "ben-veni 1++ welcome" changed to "bene-veni". "ben-venite welcome" added "{=bene-veni} X". betona and betoni (concrete/ konkret): betona concrete "betona concrete" added "1++". "betoni 1++ concrete" changed "1++" to "{=betona} X". bicikla and biciklo (bicycle/ Fahrrad): (see ciklo) "bicikla bicycle" added "{=biciklo} X". "biciklo ++ bicycle" remains. blada and blado (Blatt, Klinge): blada blade (blado not in GID, so nothing done.) blanci and blanka (white/ weiß): "blanci {=blanka, prefer leuko} 1X bleach; whiten", "blanka 1 white". bola (Ball, Kugel) and bolu and boleta (Kugel, Geschoss) and boli in besboli (Baseball) and buleta (Kugel, Geschoss): bola = ball pedi-bola boli buleta besbola already with -a. "boleta bullet" added "{=buleta} X". "pedi bola 1++ football" changed to "pedi-bola". "bolu {=bola} 1GX ball". bota and botina (boot/ Stiefel): bota + botina MG boot, bootie botina (boot) can be mixed up with butina (booty, cf. French butin), and bota is shorter, so I decided for bota. "bota boot" added "++" and meaning "bootee" "botina 1++ boot" changed "1++" to "{=bota} X" and added meaning "bootee". bronki and bronko (wind-pipe): bronko - wind-pipe, broncho- "bronki G wind-pipe" added "{=bronko} X". bruta 1 (brute) and bruti 1 (bully; gruff): bruta "bruti {=bruta} 1 brute; bully; gruff; rough; stupid" changed "1" to "X". buletin and buletina (bulletin/ Tagesbericht, Bekanntmachungsblatt): buletina (IMO a bad ending vowel: French and English "bulletin", German "Bulletin", all without -a !!!) "buletin + bulletin" changed "+" to "{=buletina} X". "… truncated (172,431 more characters in archive)