Nostoc commune is a species of cyanobacterium in the family Nostocaceae. Common names include star jelly, witch’s butter, mare’s eggs, fah-tsai and facai. It is the type species of the genus Nostoc and is cosmopolitan in distribution. (Source: Wikipedia, ″, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostoc_commu…
Star Jelly (Nostoc commune) · iNaturalist Explore Community People Projects Journal Posts Forum More Taxa Info Guides Places Site Stats Help Video Tutorials Managing Projects Teacher's Guide Log In or Sign Up LifeBacteria Kingdom Bacteria...Cyanobacteria Phylum CyanobacteriaBlue-green Algae Class CyanophyceaeOrder NostocalesFamily NostocaceaeStar Jellies Genus NostocStar Jelly Nostoc communeStar Jelly Nostoc communeFilter by PlaceView MoreTOP OBSERVERsambiologysambiologyLeaderboard 73TOP IDENTIFIERroman_romanovroman_romanovLeaderboard 3,827LAST OBSERVATIONFebruary 15, ...February 15, 2023View Observation TOTAL OBSERVATIONS6,1956,195View All SeasonalityHistoryShow relative proportions of all observationsHide "No Annotation"No observations yetJANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDEC010020030040050060070080000.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECLoading...0000011111100.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91MapAboutTrendsTaxonomyStatusSimilar SpeciesSource: Wikipedia Description from EOL iNaturalist Wikipedia View on Wikipedia → Species of bacterium Nostoc commune is a species of cyanobacterium in the family Nostocaceae. Common names include star jelly, witch's butter, mare's eggs, fah-tsai and facai. It is the type species of the genus Nostoc and is cosmopolitan in distribution. Description Nostoc commune is a colonial species of cyanobacterium. It initially forms a small, hollow gelatinous globule which grows and becomes leathery, flattened and convoluted, forming a gelatinous mass with other colonies growing nearby. Inside the thin sheath are numerous unbranched hair-like structures called trichomes formed of short cells in a string. The cells are bacteria and thus have no nucleus nor internal membrane system. To multiply, they form two new cells when they divide by binary fission. Along the trichomes, larger specialist nitrogen-fixing cells called heterocysts occur between the ordinary cells. When wet, Nostoc commune is bluish-green, olive green or brown but in dry conditions it becomes an inconspicuous, crisp brownish mat.[2][3] Distribution and habitat Nostoc commune Nostoc commune is found in many countries around the world. It is able to survive in extreme conditions in polar regions and arid areas. It is a terrestrial or freshwater species and forms loose clumps on soil, gravel and paved surfaces, among mosses and between cobbles.[1] In Singapore, Nostoc commune is found growing on alkaline soils, in brackish water, in paddy fields, on cliffs and on wet rocks.[2] Biology Nostoc commune can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and can therefore live in locations where no nitrogenous compounds are available from the substrate. Nostoc commune contains photosynthetic pigments and the energy storing photosystems in membrane structures called thylakoids located in cytoplasm of the cells. It also contains pigments that absorb long and medium wavelength ultraviolet radiation, which enables it to survive in places with high levels of radiation.[3] Under adverse conditions, Nostoc commune can remain dormant for an extended period of time and revive when conditions improve and water becomes available. The desiccated colony is resistant to heat and to repeated patterns of freezing and thawing and produces no oxygen while dormant.[4] It has been found that extracellular polysaccharides are vital to its stress tolerance and ability to recover.[4] Nostoc commune can occur in pockets in the thallus of hornworts such as Phaeoceros.[1] Uses Nostoc commune is eaten as a salad in the Philippines and is also eaten in Indonesia, Japan and China. In Taiwan, it is nicknamed 雨來菇 yǔ lái gū (meaning "post-rain mushroom"). Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme is known as 发菜 fàcài in China which forms part of the food traditionally served at the Lunar New Year.[2] Research indicates that consumption of Nostoc commune var. sphaeroides, in addition to consumption of other cyanobacteria, may be beneficial by means of an anti-inflammatory mechanism.[5] References ^ a b c d Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2012). "Nostoc commune - Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault". AlgaeBase. Retrieved 2012-09-08. ^ a b c Wee Yeow Chin. "Nostoc commune". Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research. Archived from the original on 2012-12-25. Retrieved 2012-09-07. ^ a b "Nostoc". MicrobeWiki. Retrieved 2012-09-08. ^ a b Tamaru, Yoshiyuki; Yayoi, Takani; Yoshida, Takayuki; Toshio, Sakamoto (2005). "Crucial Role of Extracellular Polysaccharides in Desiccation and Freezing Tolerance in the Terrestrial Cyanobacterium Nostoc commune". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 71 (11): 7327–7333. doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.7327-7333.2005. PMC 1287664. PMID 16269775. ^ Ku, Lee (2013). "Edible blue-green algae reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting NF-κB pathway in macrophages and splenocytes". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1830 (4): 2981–2988. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.01.018. PMC 3594481. PMID 23357040. Taxon identifiers Wikidata: Q11286530 AlgaeBase: 24479 BioLib: 143743 CoL: 47RP8 EPPO: NOSTCO GBIF: 3219423 iNaturalist: 319815 IRMNG: 10737534 ITIS: 1147 LPSN: nostoc-commune NBN: NHMSYS0000604836 NCBI: 1178 NZOR: f9b9daa3-8576-451d-8f63-0b45fb8e5e35 Tropicos: 100386847 WoRMS: 608248 This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "Nostoc commune", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. Content may have been omitted from the original, but no content has been changed or extended. More InfoAtlas of Living AustraliaBiodiversity Heritage LibraryBOLD Systems BIN searchCalPhotosCONABIO EncicloVidaGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)Maryland Biodiversity ProjectNatureServe Explorer 2.0NBN Atlas日本のレッドデータ検索システムComputer Vision Model IncludedThe current Computer Vision Model knows about this taxon, so it might be included in automated suggestions with the "Visually Similar" label. Trending Loading...About InteractionsMost organisms interact with other organisms in some way or another, and how they do so usually defines how they fit into an ecosystem. These interactions come to us from Global Biotic Interactions (GLoBI), a database and webservice that combines interaction data from numerous sources, including iNaturalist. You can actually contribute to this database by adding the "Eating", "Eaten by", and "Host" observation fields to observations that demonstrate those interactions.Learn MoreGlobal Biotic Interactions (GLoBI)About Biological InteractionsTaxonomyBacteria Kingdom BacteriaCyanobacteria Phylum CyanobacteriaBlue-green Algae Class CyanophyceaeOrder NostocalesFamily NostocaceaeStar Jellies Genus NostocStar Jelly Nostoc communeObservationsNostoc commune var. commune4Nostoc commune var. fieldii0Taxonomy Details1Taxon Changes1Taxon SchemesNamesLanguage / TypeNameActionChinese (Simplified)地木耳Chinese (Simplified)地皮菜Chinese (Simplified)地耳Chinese (Simplified)地踏菜Chinese (Simplified)地软Chinese (Simplified)普通念珠藻Chinese (Traditional)地木耳Chinese (Traditional)情人的眼淚Chinese (Traditional)葛仙米藻Chinese (Traditional)雨來菇CzechjednořadkaDanishSkyfaldEnglishAngel SnotEnglishStar JellyFrenchCrachat de luneGermanEngelsschnäutzeHawaiianlimu kā kanakaJapaneseイシクラゲJavaneseJamur sèlåNorwegianglye (skyfall)RussianНосток обыкновенныйScientific NamesNostocScientific NamesNostoc carneumScientific NamesNostoc communeSwedishskyfallsalgUkrainianНосток звичайнийAdd a NameAbout Names Most categories of organisms have "common names" in spoken languages. These names are usually recognizable, easy to pronounce, and stable over time, but many organisms have several different names in different places, even in the same language, which can make it difficult to communicate about these organisms without confusion. Scientists address this problem by using a single "scienti... MoreConservation StatusWe have no conservation status for this taxonAbout Conservation StatusThe conservation status summarizes the risk of extinction for a group of organisms. More Examples of Ranking OrganizationsInternational Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)NatureServeEstablishment MeansPlaceEstablishment MeansSource ListDetailsOceanianativeOceania Check ListViewNew ZealandnativeNew Zealand Check ListViewAuckland CBD, NZnativeAuckland Central Check ListViewAuckland Isthmus, NZnativeAuckland Isthmus Check ListViewNEW ZEALAND AK, NZnativeNEW ZEALAND AK Check ListViewAbout Establishment Means"Establishment means" describes how a species arrived where it currently occurs. Introduced means it arrived because of human activity, while native means it arrived without human assistance. Endemic species only occur in a specific place and nowhere else. More Other species commonly misidentified as this speciesLoading... 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