Shape of the World, The (A.E. Skellam).pdf DownloadSave a copy to DropboxSign inSign up12345Ili-IIW O BES TO B E O B T A IN E D OFJOHN WILLIAMS,96, A R K W R IG H T STREET, N O T T IN G H A M .T h is P am phlet. Od. per doz. : 3/- per hundred.E a rth — not a globe— R eview . Quarterly, 3d.1 0 0 P roofs the W o rld is n o t a globe. 3|^d.Do the B ible and M odern Science a g ree? N o ! (With Map of The World as a Plane). 2|tl.T h e P op u larity o f E rror, and the U npopu larity o f T ru th ;(wit.li Plauular Msip of The World). 1/1.“ C ran ks,” or the F a lse T h eo ries o f so-called Science. l|d.Josh ua, and the Sun standing still. (A complete rerutation of the Theoretical-Scieiice teaching of that Miracle). 2Jd.T h e M istakes (so-called) o f M oses ; a serio-scieutific Satire. 7d.A n Inquiry w h eth er the E arth is a globe. 3|d.A n address to the Religious W o rld , showing the inconsistencies between Theoretical Astronomy and True Eeligiou. 7d.A re w e L iv in g on a W hirling-flying B all o f L an d and W a te r ?(A debate). IJd.T h e B ib le and S cien ce : (should be read by every Christian). IM. T u rk ey and R u ssia : a splendid debate on the Book of Daniel. l|d. T h e P u zzled C leric (pictorial). 1/- per hundred.One o f T h e D e v il’s M asterpieces. Jd.And numerous others published hyT H E UNIVEESAL ZETETIC SOCIETY.THESHAPE OF THE WORLD,B YA. E. S K E L L A M .M ay be had of the Wr i t e r, 20, Elm sleigh R oad, W andsworth, S. W ., or Mr. J . Wi l l i a m s, Secretary, Zetetic Society, 32, Bankside, London, S .E .Single copies free by enclosing stamp to cover postage. i/- per 100.Ha r r i s o n & So n s, Printers in O rdinary to H er M ajesty, St. M artin’s Lane, London, W .C .rTHE SHAPE OF THE WORLD.O n this subject there are two great schools o f th o u g h t; one which teaches that the world is a globe o f 2 5,ocx3 miles circumference, rotating on its axis once in twenty- four hours at the rate o f i,o o o miles per hour, and revolving in an orbit round the sun once a year at the rate o f 6 8 ,ocxdmiles per hour ; the other teaches that the earth is a vast irregular plane, stretched out from the Central N orth and standing in and out o f the waters, the surface o f which is horizontal. One o f these two view s must be wrong, and the other right.N ow that the world cannot be a globe w ill be evident from the following F A C T SI. T h e horizon A L W A Y S appears on a level with the eye, no matter to what altitude we ascend. Aeronauts assert that the horizon H H , F i g . i , always appears on a level w ith the car,* and that it (the horizon) seems to rise as they rise, the deepest part appearing to be im m ediately under the car, and that instead o f the surface o f the earth appearing convex, as it should if it were a globe, seeP'IG . 2, it appears concave as in F i g . i .FIG. I represents what is seen b y Aeronauts.1862.FIG. 2. W hat should be seen if the earth were a globe.• See M r. G laisher’s (o f R o y a l O bservatory, G reenwich) Report in L e iiu r e H oitr, O ctober 11,( 3 )Perspective shows that parallel lines appear to meet in the distance, as, for instance, railw ay lines, but diverging lines never can appear to meet, no matter how slight the divergence. I f A B , FIG. 3, represent the skyline, and C E D a part o f the earth’s surface, if curved the earth would appear to be curved from C to E to an observer at A , and the horizon instead o f being “ on a level with the eye ” would alw ays be below , and sink lower the higher the observer ascended.F IG . 3.2. T h e horizon, at sea, to the right and left of an observer, always appears as a straight line, but if the w orld were a globe it (the horizon) would dip to the right hand and to the left, and show the arc o f a circle. I f a plank or straight edge, about 12 feet long, be set level above the w ater, and the observer get at the back o f the plank or straight edge, so that his eye be on a level with it, he \vill see the horizon as a perfectly straight or horizontal line.3. T h e lights from many lighthouses are visible at a much greater distance than they could possibly be if the world were a globe 25,000 miles in circumference.*T h e flame o f the Clare Island light can be seen, in clear weather, a distance of 31 statute miles. T h e dip in 31 miles is 640 feet (31^ x | = 961 x f = 640} feet). T h e altitude o f the light above high water is 341 feet, and is seen from the deck o f a vessel 15 feet above sea-level (640— 341 — 15 = 284 feet). A fter deducting the altitudes the light should be 284 feet below the horizon if the world be a globe.*B eachy H ead light can be seen 26 statute miles away. T h e dip in 23 miles is 450 feet (26^ X 8 12 = 450 feet 8 inches), altitude o f light above high water 284 feet, vessel 15 feet ( 4 5 0 - 2 8 4 - 1 5 = 151 feet). T h e light should be 151 feet below the line o f sight if the globular theory o f Copernicus be true.* See “ A dm iralty List o f L igh ts,” P art I., 1803. Published b y H ydrographic Department, Adm iralty, and sold b y J. D . Potter, 31, Poultry, E .C .*Crom er light is 274 feet above high water, and can be seen a distance of 26 statute m iles ; vessel 15 feet above high water. T h e dip in 26 miles is 450 fe e t; less altitudes (450— 2 74 — 15 = 161 feet) leaves 161 feet to be accounted for if the world be a globe. There are many examples similar to the foregoing. The following note in the A dm iralty List m akes the case all the stronger against the globular theory : — “ Under certain atmospheric conditions, and especially w ith the more powerful lights, the G L A R E o f the light is visible considerably beyond the radius given, which is calculated for the A C T U A L F L A M E o f the ligh t.”4. N o allowance is made by engineers for curvature in m aking canals and railway cuttings, and is, in fact, forbidden by A ct o f Parliam ent, which states that all plans, & c., shall be made from “ a datum horizontal line, w hich shall be the same throughout the w hole length o f the w ork.” t I f the earth were a globe this allowance would be indispensable.5. T h e surface o f standing water has been proved, beyond all question of doubt, to be horizontal and not convex as it should be if the w orld were a globe. W ater always finds its level, the surface o f which, at rest, is always found to be horizontal. A convex surface is not a level or horizontal surface, although some people would have us believe it is.6. T h e M idnight Sun being seen O N L Y in the northern regions is evidence against the globular theory. It the world were a globe, the midnight sun would be seen in the southern regions in D ecem ber as it is seen in the northern in June. T h e author o f a book entitled “ T h e Land of the M idnight Sun ” says :— “ A t the pole the observer seems to be in the centre o f a grand spiral movement o f the .Sun.” W hy does this N O T occur in the southern regions? These few facts alone are sufficient to prove that the world is not a globe, but a vast irregular plane stretching out from a north centre to a south circumference in every direction ; surrounded by w ater and ultim ately in the extreme south by impassable barriers o f ice. Vasco-de-Gam a in his “ V oyage to the South ” says : — “ Th e waves rise like mountains in height. T h e winds are piercing cold and so boisterous that the pilot’s voice can seldom be heard, whilst a dismal and almost continual darkness adds greatly to the danger.” H ow far this gloom and darkness and storms extends is not known. A ll we know is that the most daring have been stopped at the entrance to this gloom y, and what seems to be, forbidden region o f the world.I f these lines cause any to think and search after Truth, the w riter’s object will have been attained. Truth is not injured by enquiry and test, but is like a cube always right side up.A . E . S K E L L A M .Wandsworth,August, i8<)3.* See ‘-‘ A dm iralty List o f L igh ts,” P art I., 1893. Published b y H ydrographic Department, Adm iralty, and sold b y J. D . Potter, 31, Pou ltry, E .C .t See N o. 14 Standing Order o f ttouses of Lords and Commons on R a ilw a y Operations, for Session 1862.( 4 )Reprinted from “ Th e Ea r t h.”T H E S O U T H E R N M ID N IG H T SU N ;.By Zetetes.In a late number of the Windsor Magazine we had an account by Dr. Cook, Surgeon of the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, of the experiences of the crew of the Belgica in the south polar ice, about latitude 710, and averaging about the same number o f degrees west longitude. These e x periences are interesting as showing the great perils these hardy voyagers endured in their daring expedition. But the chief point of interest to Zetetics is found in what professes to be a photographic picture of “ The M idnight S u n ; Christmas, 1898;” showing also the Belgica frozen in the great ice pack, and never moving, except as she moved with the whole ice-field, from March 4th, 1898, to February 14th,1899”A few o f our pianist friends have been unnecessarily disturbed b y this picture, and the account to which it refers ; and some of our globularist opponents have been prematurely elated b y it. One of the latter, thinking the discovery of a Southern Midnight Sun was a clear proof of the sphericity of the earth wrote a letter and triumphantly demanded to know o f the pianists“ W H A T W I L L Y O U D O W I T H T H I S ? ”In fact our friend did not put the question quite so politely as this. But if he will excuse us polishing it a little for him, to make up for his want of courtesy, we will, as far as our health and the editor’s space permit, proceed to reply. In the meantime vve can make some allowance for our opponent, as his head might be a little giddy through the globe, like a monster fly-wheel, turning him under ; living as he does at the “ antipodes,” and, of course, hanging head downwards at the time of his writing ! And this antipodean predicament was the position of the explorers, according to our astronomical friends.But first let me tell all the globularists what true Zetetics not do with this fact, if it be a fact, which we are under•ITH E SOUTHERN M IDNIGHT SUN.no anxiety to deny. First, then, we shall not lose confidence in another fact, which our opponents conveniently, persistently, and quietly ignore, namely, the fact that the surface of stillW A T E R is L E V E L , and the E A R T H therefore a P L A N E !This great fact has so frequently been attested in Zetetic literature (and the editor of The Earth may again give test- im.ony to it) that I shall not dwell upon it, especially as no astronomer has ever seriously attempted to disprove it. I only retort in the words of the question asked above, What ■will our opponents do with this fact ? And echo answers, W hat ? I venture to predict that they will not even attempt to deal with it.But we will attempt to deal with their fa c t; and in the first place we will proceed to show that the Southern Midnight Sun, from the position of the Belgica, as reported,C O U L D N O T B E S E E N O N A G L O B E ?To make our argument clear we refer to the following diagram.D l i C ra'm 1 .T H E SOUTHERN MIDNIGHT SUN.Let N E S W represent the sea-earth globe of scien ce; N S the “ imaginary axis and E W the equator. A t 23^° north and south draw lines representing the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn respectively. Produce these lines indefinitely, say to C and D, and G and H. Produce the equatorial line W E to F. And at the point E, on the equator, at the surface of the earth, draw the line E D making an angle of 23J0 south of the vertical hne E F. W here the line E D intersects the produced tropic of Capricorn place the sun at D. This shows the sun’s position about Christmas time, when in the southern solstice, as seen from the equator at 23^^° south of the vertical. The sun of course is seen from the surface of the earth, and not from the centre, where our astronomical friends cunningly place the aforesaid angle. But we are not ignorant of their devices. The angle ought to be m.ade where it is seen, on the equatorial surface, not down below in Hades ! W'e have therefore placed it there. This proves the sun to be comparatively near the earth, as we have already proved by mathematical demonstration in a previous article on the Sun’s Distance. Thus one fact corroborates another.We have now to point out the relative position of the observers in the Belgica. According to Dr. Cook’s report the vessel had reached about 71 Jo south latitude. In the diagram the line A B represents the southern, or Antarctic, circle, at 66|-° S. Therefore the, explorers had passed this line by about 5° nearer the south “ Pole.” The vessel was therefore a little to the south of point A , where we have placed it in the diagram. From this point draw the line A D a tangent to the sphere at the place of observation. Strictly this line would fall a little below the sun’s place at D, but we give our opponents this amount to make up, and more than make up, for whatever refraction they might consistently claim. The point D then marks the position of the sun to the crew of the Belgica at mid-day, that is barely on their horizon ! The point C, on the opposite side of the globe, marks the position of the sun at mid-night, twelve hours later. T o see the sun at mid-night from the position of the explorers the observer would either have to look round the great curve of the earth down a “ dip ” of some four thousand miles, or he would haveTH E SOUTHERN M IDNIGHT SUN.T O L O O K D O W N T H R O U G H T H E S O L I D G L O B E ,as represented by the line A C, a distance of some four or five thousand miles ! If our friends claim the ability to see through either land or water for four or five thousand miles, or to see the sun when below their horizon some thousands of miles, as represented by the “ dip ” from L to C, then I will yield, and confess that the southern midnight sun could be seen from the position assigned upon a globe. But if not — and notwithstanding the temerity of the astronomers in making some of their preposterous claims and hypotheses, we hardly think they will claim this ability— then, if not, I claim the fact that the midnight sun has been seen in extreme south latitudes as another proof thatT H E E .JiR T H IS N O T A G L O B E !Thus we have so far answered our friend’s defiant query, and shown the globularist what we can “ do with this fact.” And in the same way it can be proved that it would be impossible to see the northern midnight sun at G, from the point K, if the earth was a globe. But as the writer gave this proof some years ago in a pamphlet entitled The M id night Sun (north), reprinted from the Earth not-a-globeReview, the reader is referred to it for the elaboration of this splendid proof that the earth is an extended plane.If our friend at the antipodes, or if any of our astronomical friends, or foes, will deal with the demonstrated fact that the surface of still water is level, absolutely level, we will, God willing, deal further with this last reported fact of the Southern M idnight Sun, and offer an explanation of the same on purely Zetetic lines.A S P L E N D ID PROOF T H A TTHE EARTH NOT A GLOBE,'B U T A VAST O U T S T R E T C H E DAND CIRCULAR PLANE.P r i c e 2V>.B Y “ Ze t e t e s.”PO ST F R E E .“ THE LAND OF THE MIDNIGHT SUN. ”The above is the title of an interesting book by Paul B, Du Cliaillu, in which he describes his journeys through Norway and Sweden, Lapland and Northern Finland. In this book the writer unconsciously gives us proof that the earth is not a revolving globe such as the Astronomers teach, although of course he tries to explain the phenomenon of the midnight sun in harmony with the astronomical theories he w>as taught at school. While we have no space here for these theories we shall try to find room for the facts brought before us ; then we shall proceed to shew how these facts conflict with the globe- earth doctrine, and how they harmonise with the truth that the earth is a motionless plane, with sun revolving daily above and around the North Centre, commonly but erroneously called the north “ pole.”In his preface M. Du Chaillu says ; “ The tide of the book is derived from one of the most striking phenomena , in the north of the country, and one which I witnessed with wonder and admiration on many occasions.” In chapter v. he states how, between the 13th and the 18th of June, he sailed “ towards the midnight sun” in a steamer leaving Stockholm for Haparanda, “ the most northerly town in Sweden,” on or “ near the right bank of the picturesque Torne river." The passage lasting about three days ; while, he says, “ The Bothnia was not yet free from ice.” He proceeds to describeShape of the World, The (A.E. Skellam).pdf84%1 of 5 Save it for later in DropboxSign up or sign in to your accountFirst nameLast nameEmailPasswordI agree to the Dropbox Terms. Learn about how we use and protect your data in our Privacy Policy.Create an accountSign up with Google