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Since the1960s, many countries, especially the US and Russia, have implemented large-budget programs for the development of directed energy weapons.

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Listed below are the major milestones in the journey of DEWs theme, as identified by GlobalData. 1939 – Laser was invented and studies were initiated. 1952 – High Power Microwave technology was being invested upon. 1958 – Laser theory was released by Charles H Townes. 1959 – Russia claimed to have developed microwave power anti-ballistic missile system. 1972 – UK used laser weapons during Falkland War. 1972 – US signed Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty. 1985 – Japan initiated development of laser and microwave weapons for defensive purposes. 1996 – Genasys, former LRAD, launched its first directed sound technology. 1997 – US established The Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Directorate. 1998 – EU established The European Working Group Non-Lethal Weapons (EWG-NLW). 2001 – Raytheon demonstrated Active Denial System as non-lethal DEW. 2002 – US withdrew from Anti-Balistic Missile Treaty. 2002 – An anti-missile laser, called Tactical High Energy Laser (THEL), developed jointly by the US and Israel successfully incinerated an incoming artillery round. 2003 – Genasys developed the Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD). 2009-2011 – US Navy successfully tested a prototype solid-state laser (SSL) called the Laser Weapon System (LaWS) against UAVs. 2010 – A Mid-Infrared Advanced Chemical Laser destroyed a Titan missile booster, marking the first successful deployment of laser weapon technology. 2010-2011 – US Navy tested another prototype SSL called the Maritime Laser Demonstration (MLD) on a Navy ship against a small boat. 2011 – The first airborne laser system, Boeing YAL-1 was tested on Boeing 747 by the US which could destroy ballistic missiles in flight. 2011 – Raytheon demonstrated a ship mounted laser weapon which was capable of taking drones down with a 50 kW beam development. 2011 – The US Navy initiated studies on Rail gun development. 2011 – Boeing initiated a Free Electron Laser (FEL) development. 2014 – Rafael unveils the “Iron Beam” – a mobile high-energy laser-based air defence system. 2014 – Boeing introduced an anti-drone compact laser weapon system. 2014 – A 15 kW laser beam was tested to inflamate small boats causing threat to the US naval ships. 2014 – Raytheon delivered the AN/SEQ-3 LaWS to the US Navy. 2014 – Boeing introduced the High Energy Laser Mobile Demonstrator (HEL MD). 2014 – Lockheed Martin tested prototypes of Aero-adaptive Aero-optic Beam Control Turret on commercial jets. 2015 – Israel tested the first intercept the Arrow 3. 2016 – Russian firm, Unified Instrument-Making Corporation, announced the development of radio electronic weapon. 2017 – China announced launching the “Silent Hunter” – a fibre optics laser air defence system. 2017 – Russia begun to test a land-based a laser weapon system called “Peresvet”. 2017 – The UK initiated the Dragofire Program. 2019 – USS Portland (LPD 27) was fitted with a new, 150-kilowatt laser weapon developed by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and Northrop Grumman. 2019 – UK begun to test the Dragonfire, prototype Laser DEW capability demonstrator. 2021 – US Navy install high-energy laser with integrated optical dazzler and surveillance (HELIOS) systems to Arleigh Burke (DDG-51) class Aegis destroyer. 2023 – US test a space-based directed energy weapon based on neutral particle beam technology. 2025 – Laser weapons are fully operationally on combat systems and vehicles. This is an edited extract from the Directed Energy Weapons (Defense) – Thematic Research report produced by GlobalData Thematic Research. 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