adrenochrome


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adrenochrome

(ə-drē′nō-krōm′, -nə-)
n.
A substance formed by the oxidation of epinephrine.
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007, 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Adrenochrome

A pigment which is generated in vivo from the oxidation of epinephrine, and allegedly linked to schizophrenia. This assertion formed the basis for the “disciplines” of orthomolecular medicine and orthomolecular psychiatry, which claim that schizophrenia, alcoholism, and other mental disorders can be managed by improved nutrition and megavitamin therapy. There is little peer-reviewed data to support the related hypotheses, which were championed by Abram Hoffer (1917–2009).
Segen's Medical Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All rights reserved.

adrenochrome

(ă-drē′nŏ-krōm″) [ adreno- + Gr. chrōma, color]
C9H9NO3; a red pigment obtained by oxidation of epinephrine.
Medical Dictionary, © 2009 Farlex and Partners
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References in periodicals archive ?
If we could decrease the formation of adrenochrome, we would have a treatment for schizophrenia.
Othomolecular medicine: could medicinal chemistry be applied in an unconventional way to ease the suffering of schizophrenics?
In the early 1950s it was shown that adrenochrome - something like a hybrid of adrenaline and mescaline - could produce symptoms identical with those of schizophrenia.
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However, because oxidation of dobutamine to adrenochrome is rapid (complete within 5 min) under the Boehringer Mannheim reagent conditions, it is clear that reaction with 4-aminophenazone is not required for dobutamine to interfere in peroxidase-based tests.
Mechanisms of dopamine and dobutamine interference in biochemical tests that use peroxide and peroxidase to generate chromophore
Hoffer hypothesized that ascorbic acid's antioxidant activity also prevented the conversion of adrenaline to adrenochrome. Experimentation revealed that many schizophrenics have a much higher need for ascorbic acid than the general population.
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Post-operatively animal was given Sreptopenicillin 5.0gms intramuscularly and Meloxicam @ 0.5mg/kg body weight subcutaneously along with systemic haemostatic Adrenochrome 5.0 ml intramuscularly for 7 days.
Horn fracture and its immobilization using indigenous technique in a bullock
The reaction was initiated by the addition of epinephrine (0.025 M) and the inhibition of autocatalytic adrenochrome formation rate was measured.
Swimming training prevents coronary endothelial dysfunction in ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats
Unlike the dopamine hypothesis, the adrenochrome hypothesis accounts for many biochemical patterns common among schizophrenic patients.
The Adrenochrome Hypothesis of Schizophrenia
I suggest that a bipolar patient who never has perceptual changes even in the manic phase differs from a schizophrenic in the oxidation of adrenalin to adrenochrome. If there is excess adrenalin, this may be a causal factor for the manic state if the adrenalin is not converted into adrenochrome.
Bipolar disorder and orthomolecular treatment

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